The areas in which computer vision is progressively infiltrating are the automotive sector, unmanned aerial vehicles, underwater vehicles and exploratory robots such as those visiting Mars. In other words, computer vision as on-board vehicle technology. Such areas are covered by different research communities, e.g. the researchers working on autonomous driving are not the same as the ones working on unmanned aerial vehicles. However, when they have to use computer vision technology the problems they face are highly correlated. The book will offer a unified view of the use of computer vision technology for different types of vehicles, both from the point of view of the navigation and the addressable applications, summarizing the state of the art as well as discussing the open challenges and business opportunities for the immediate future.