This book presents a survey of computer vision techniques related to three key broad problems in the roadway transportation domain: safety, efficiency, and law enforcement. The individual chapters present significant applications within those problem domains, each presented in a tutorial manner, describing the motivation for and benefits of the application, and a description of the state of the art. The book will benefit the many researchers, engineers and practitioners of computer vision, digital imaging, automotive and civil engineering working in intelligent transportation systems. It will deepen their knowledge and apprise them of the state of the art in relevant areas. Given the breadth of topics covered, the text will present the reader with new and yet unconceived possibilities for application within their communities.